Audubon Core Summary of IPTC vocabularies

IPTC CORE schema 1.1 and IPTC Extension schema 1.0 specifications are from: "IPTC Standard Photo Metadata 2008 (Core and Extension), Rev. 2" specification, http://www.iptc.org/std/photometadata/2008/specification/IPTC-PhotoMetadata-2008_2.pdf. The column "pg" indicates the page number in this publication. In addition, some controlled IPTC vocabularies are already evaluated here.

The terms have been only slightly rearranged (legacy location or human modeling terms removed from main sequence). In general they remain in the sequence in which they appear in the source document, although the logic behind this arrangement has not been understood by MRTG members. Some minor spelling errors where corrected, in one case even in a URI (Iptc4xmpExt: ProviceState). This excerpt should not be considered for any implementation or normative purposes.

The first column (“MRTG assessm.”) indicates a preliminary assessment of the MRTG group for the purpose of biodiversity media. MAP indicates that it has either been accepted, or mapped to another, preferred term; IGNORE that it is believed to be out of scope for biodiversity media, and CONSIDER indicates an ongoing discussion process.

1 IPTC CORE schema 1.1 specifications

1.1 Current items

MRTG assessm.	pg	Name	Definition	XMP implementation	Type (+ ControlledVocab.)	Notes (IPTC and MRTG)
MAP	13	Description	A textual description, including captions, of the item's content, particularly used where the object is not text.	dc:description	Lang Alt
Ignore	13	Headline	A brief synopsis of the caption. Headline is not the same as Title.	photoshop: Headline	Text
Consider	14	Intellectual Genre	Describes the nature, intellectual, artistic or journalistic characteristic of a item, not specifically its content.	Iptc4xmpCore: IntellectualGenre	Text (Optional: IPTC Genre NewsCodes)	"IPTC Genre NewsCodes CV is recommended, but currently insufficient for general purposes." List of codes available on http://www.iptc.org/cms/site/index.html?channel=CH0103
			Comment Bob: Seems irrelevant since “not specifically its content”
MAP	14	Keywords	Keywords to express the subject of the content. Keywords may be free text and don't have to be taken from a controlled vocabulary. Codes from the controlled vocabulary IPTC Subject NewsCodes must go to the "Subject Code" field.	dc:subject	bag Text	Single values of this field should not be restricted to single words but must allow for phrases as well.
Ignore	15	Scene Code	Describes the scene of a news content. Specifies one or more terms from the IPTC "Scene-NewsCodes". Each Scene is represented as a string of 6 digits in an unordered list.	Iptc4xmpCore: Scene	bag closed choice Text (IPTC Scene NewsCodes)	Enter only values from the IPTC Scene NewsCodes Controlled Vocabulary (see: http://www.newscodes.org/)
MAP	16	Subject Code	Specifies one or more Subjects from the IPTC Subject-NewsCodes taxonomy to categorise the content. Each Subject is represented as a string of 8 digits in an unordered list.	Iptc4xmpCore: SubjectCode	bag closed choice Text (IPTC Subject NewsCodes)	Note: Only Subjects from a controlled vocabulary should be used here, free text has to be put into the Keyword element. More about IPTC Subject-NewsCodes at www.newscodes.org.
MAP	17	Date Created	Designates the date and optionally the time the intellectual content was created rather than the date of the creation of the physical representation. If no time is given the value should default to 00:00:00.	photoshop: DateCreated	Date	Note 2: Implementers are encouraged to provide the creation date and time from the EXIF data of a digital camera to the user for entering this date for the first time.
MAP	17	Description Writer	Caption/Description writer: Identifier or the name of the person involved in writing, editing or correcting the description of the content.	photoshop: CaptionWriter	Text
MAP / Consider	18	Instructions	Any of a number of instructions from the provider or creator to the receiver of the item which might include any of the following: embargoes (NewsMagazines OUT) and other restrictions not covered by the "Rights Usage Terms" field; information regarding the original means of capture (scanning notes, colourspace info) or other specific text information that the user may need for accurate reproduction; additional permissions or credits required when publishing	photoshop: Instructions	Text
			Comment Bob: Maybe. I'd look to see if it fits anywhere else though. But probably too much variance here to be of much use. Meaningful searches would have to always search this field.
Ignore	18	Job Id	Number or identifier for the purpose of improved workflow handling. This is a user created identifier related to the job for which the item is supplied.	photoshop: TransmissionReference	Text	Note: As this identifier references a job of the receiver's workflow it has first to be issued by the receiver, then be transmitted to the creator or provider of the news object and finally added by him to this field.
MAP	19	Title	A shorthand reference for the item. Title provides a short human readable name which can be a text and/or numeric reference. It is not the same as Headline.	dc:title	Lang Alt	Many use the Title field to store the filename of the image, though the field may be used in many ways. Formal identifiers are provided by the Digital Image Id, or the Registry Entry, or the Supplier Image Id property of the IPTC Extension.
MAP	19	Copyright Notice	Contains any necessary copyright notice for claiming the intellectual property for this item and should identify the current owner of the copyright for the item. Other entities like the creator of the item may be added in the corresponding field. Notes on usage rights should be provided in "Rights usage terms".	dc:rights	Lang Alt	Copyright ownership can be expressed in a more controlled way using the PLUS fields "Copyright Owner", "Copyright Owner ID", "Copyright Owner Name" of the IPTC Extension additionally. It is the user's responsibility to keep the values of the four fields in sync.
MAP	20	Creator	Contains the name of the person who created the content of this item, a photographer for photos, a graphic artist for graphics, or a writer for textual news, but in cases where the photographer should not be identified the name of a company or organisation may be appropriate.	dc:creator	Seq ProperName
MAP	20	Creator's Contact Info	The creator's contact information provides all necessary information to get in contact with the creator of this item and comprises a set of sub-properties for proper addressing.	Iptc4xmpCore: CreatorContactInfo	struct ContactInfo	The IPTC Extension Licensor fields should be used instead of these Creator's Contact Info fields if you are using IPTC Extension fields. If the creator is also the licensor his or her contact information should be provided in the Licensor fields.
Consider	21	Creator's jobtitle	Contains the job title of the person who created the content of this item. As this is sort of a qualifier the Creator element has to be filled in as mandatory prerequisite for using Creator's Jobtitle.	photoshop: AuthorsPosition	Text
			Comment Bob: Very small utility compared to the burden of dealing with another field.
MAP	21	Credit Line	The credit to person(s) and/or organisation(s) required by the supplier of the item to be used when published. This is a free-text field.	photoshop: Credit	Text	Note 1: For more formal identifications of the creator or the owner of the copyrights of this image other rights properties may be used. -- Note 2: This property was named "Credit" by the IIM metadata, then it was renamed to "Provider" in IPTC Core 1.0 and has been renamed to "Credit Line" in IPTC Core 1.1. as this was actually the way the field has been used.
MAP	22	Rights Usage Terms	The licensing parameters of the item expressed in free-text.	xmpRights:UsageTerms	Lang Alt
MAP	22	Source	Identifies the original owner of the copyright for the intellectual content of the item. This could be an agency, a member of an agency or an individual. Source could be different from Creator and from the entities in the CopyrightNotice.	photoshop: Source	Text	This field may be used primarily in syndication workflows. As the original owner can not change the content of this property should never be changed or deleted after the information is entered following the news object's initial creation
MAP	23	Contact Information Details structure	A generic structure providing a basic set of information to get in contact with a person or organisation.	Iptc4xmpCore: ContactInfoDetails	(structure)
MAP	23	Address {contact info detail}	The contact information address part. Comprises an optional company name and all required information to locate the building or postbox to which mail should be sent. To that end, the address is a multiline field.	(Contact Info detail:) Iptc4xmpCore: Address	Text (multiline)	the ContactInfo naming aligns with the vCard specification RFC 2426.
MAP	24	City {contact info detail}	The contact information city part.	(Contact Info detail:) Iptc4xmpCore: CiAdrCity	Text	the ContactInfo naming aligns with the vCard specification RFC 2426.
MAP	24	Country {contact info detail}	The contact information country part.	(Contact Info detail:) Iptc4xmpCore: CiAdrCtry	Text	the ContactInfo naming aligns with the vCard specification RFC 2426.
MAP	25	Email address(es) {contact info detail}	The contact information email address part.	(Contact Info detail:) Iptc4xmpCore: CiEmailWork	Text (multivalued)	Multiple email addresses can be given. May have to be separated by a comma in the user interface.
MAP	25	Phone number(s) {contact info detail}	The contact information phone number part.	(Contact Info detail:) Iptc4xmpCore: CiTelWork	Text (multivalued)
MAP	26	Postal Code {contact info detail}	The contact information part denoting the local postal code.	(Contact Info detail:) Iptc4xmpCore: CiAdrPcode	Text
MAP	26	State/Province {contact info detail}	The contact information part denoting regional information like state or province.	(Contact Info detail:) Iptc4xmpCore: CiAdrRegion	Text
MAP	27	Web URL(s) {contact info detail}	The contact information web address part. Multiple addresses can be given, separated by a comma.	(Contact Info detail:) Iptc4xmpCore: CiUrlWork	Text (multivalued)

1.2 Location legacy items

(Preferred geography items are present IPTC Extension 1.1.)

MRTG assessm.	pg	Name	Definition	XMP implementation	Type (+ ControlledVocab.)	Notes (IPTC and MRTG)
Ignore	11	City (Legacy)	(geo-legacy fields not considered here, superseded by fields in iptc4xmp extension)	photoshop: City	Text
Ignore	11	Country (legacy)	(geo-legacy fields not considered here, superseded by fields in iptc4xmp extension)	photoshop: Country	Text
Ignore	12	Country Code (legacy)	(geo-legacy fields not considered here, superseded by fields in iptc4xmp extension)	Iptc4xmpCore: CountryCode	closed choice Text (ISO 3166-1 - 2 or 3 characters)	This is a detail of a location with blurred semantics as it does not clearly indicate whether it is the location in the image or the location the photo was taken - which can be different. Two more concise properties are available in IPTC Extension with Location Created and Location Shown in the Image.
Ignore	15	Province or State (legacy)	(geo-legacy fields not considered here, superseded by fields in iptc4xmp extension)	photoshop: State	Text
Ignore	16	Sublocation (legacy)	(geo-legacy fields not considered here, superseded by fields in iptc4xmp extension)	-	Text

1.3 Deprecated items (from CORE 1.0)

MRTG assessm.	pg	Name
Ignore	27	photoshop: Urgency
Ignore	27	photoshop: Category
Ignore	27	photoshop: SupplementalCategory

2 IPTC Extension schema 1.0 specifications

2.1 Considered items

MRTG assessm.	pg	Name	Definition	XMP implementation	Type (+ ControlledVocab.)	Notes (IPTC and MRTG)
(map if Source Inventory Number used)	29	Artwork or Object in the Image	A set of metadata about artwork or an object in the item	Iptc4xmpExt: ArtworkOrObject	bag ArtworkOrObjectDetails
Ignore	30	Code of Organisation Featured in the Image	Code from a controlled vocabulary for identifying the organisation or company which is featured in the content.	Iptc4xmpExt: OrganisationInImageCode	bag Text (Open to any CV)
MAP	30	Controlled Vocabulary Term	A term to describe the content of the image by a value from a Controlled Vocabulary.	Iptc4xmpExt: CVterm	bag URI (Any Controlled Vocabulary registered with the IPTC for this field.)
			Comment Bob: Maybe. But we tend to do the same thing in the places where we need to, so I am not sure why we would do this. Again, for it to have any utility, a query agent would need to always search it, no matter what its specific desires.
MAP	31	Location Shown (structure)	A location the content of the item is about. For photos that is a location shown in the image.	Iptc4xmpExt: LocationShown	bag LocationDetails
Ignore	31	Name of Organisation Featured in the Image	Name of the organisation or company which is featured in the content.	Iptc4xmpExt: OrganisationInImageName	bag Text
Consider	32	Person Shown in the Image	Name of a person the content of the item is about. For photos that is a person shown in the image.	Iptc4xmpExt: PersonInImage	bag Text
			Comment Bob: Small utility, but I sort of like it.
MAP	33	Digital Image GUID	Globally unique identifier for the item. It is created and applied by the creator of the item at the time of its creation . This value shall not be changed after that time.	Iptc4xmpExt: DigImageGUID	text	The identifier will probably be generated by the technical means of an imaging device or software and should be applied to the digital image file as early as possible in its life cycle. This identifier does not identify any pictured content, particularly in case of a scan of non-digital images, only this digital representation.
			Comment Bob: How is this different from our “Identifier”. (Well, we don't specify persistence...). Needs discussion
Consider	33	Digital Source File Type	The type of the source digital file.	Iptc4xmpExt: DigitalSourcefileType	URI (see CV in comments!)	Values are: Scan from film {scanfilm}, scan from transparency (including slide) {scantransparancy}, scan from print {scanprint}, camera raw {cameraraw}, camera tiff {cameratiff}, camera jpeg {camerajpeg}
			Can we simply specify that MRTG:Type is the union of this and dcterms:type? I hate adding properties when all we are trying to do is extend the range.
Ignore	33	Event	Names or describes the specific event the content relates to.	Iptc4xmpExt: Event	Lang Alt	Examples are: a press conference, dedication ceremony, etc. If this is a sub-event of a larger event both can be provided by the field: e.g. XXXIX Olympic Summer Games (Beijing): opening ceremony.
Ignore	35	Image Registry Entry (structure)	Both a Registry Item Id and a Registry Organisation Id to record any registration of this item with a registry.	Iptc4xmpExt: RegistryId	bag RegistryEntryDetails	Any user interface implementation must show both sub-properties - Item Id and Organisation Id - as corresponding values. Further an input to both fields should be made mandatory.
Consider (Comment added)	35	Image Supplier	Identifies the most recent supplier of the item, who is not necessarily its owner or creator.	Iptc4xmpExt: ImageSupplier	seq ImageSupplierDetail	For identifying the supplier either a well known and/or registered company name or a URL of the company's web site may be used. This property succeeds the Provider property of IPTC Core 1.0 by its semantics as that Provider was renamed to Credit Line.
			This needs discussion. Normally this would be in the header (which we haven't spec'd). You got it from whoever you got it from.
MAP	36	IPTC Metadata Last Edited	The date and optionally time when any of the IPTC photo metadata fields has been last edited	Iptc4xmpExt: IptcLastEdited	Date	If the location in the image is different from the location the photo was taken the IPTC Extension property Location Shown in the Image should be used.
MAP	36	Location created	The location the content of the item was created.	Iptc4xmpExt: LocationCreated	bag LocationDetails
Consider	37	Max Avail Height	The maximum available height in pixels of the original photo from which this photo has been derived by downsizing.	Iptc4xmpExt: MaxAvailHeight	Integer
			Comment Bob: We can and do specify other “quality” metadata. Is one of them identifiable as the original? If yes, this is irrelevant. Also, there is a slippery slope here. Downsizing is possibly the least harmful transform from a fitness-for-use query. Color changes, linear filtering (e.g. sharpening,) and transforms that don't preserve relative sizes and positions are more serious. But this doesn't deal with them.
Consider	37	Max Avail Width	The maximum available width in pixels of the original photo from which this photo has been derived by downsizing.	Iptc4xmpExt: MaxAvailWidth	Integer
Ignore	38	PLUS Version	The version number of the PLUS standards in place at the time of the transaction.	plus:Version	Text
MAP	38	Copyright Owner	Owner or owners of the copyright in the licensed image.	plus:CopyrightOwner	seq CopyrightOwnerDetail	GH: The plus namespace is not specified in the Ipct4Xmp document; checking the web seems that at least http://ns.useplus.org/ldf/vocab/CopyrightOwner, which is presumable the URI for plus, does not exist. http://ns.useplus.org/ldf/vocab/CopyrightOwnerName does exist... This may be a plus version issue.Comment from PDF: "Serves to identify the rights holder/s for the image. The Copyright Owner, Image Creator, Image Source and Licensor may be the same or different entities."
Ignore	39	Image Creator	Creator or creators of the image.	plus:ImageCreator	seq ImageCreatorDetail	THIS IS DUPLICATE OF dc:creator ABOVE!
Consider (Comment added)	39	Licensor	A person or company that should be contacted to obtain a license for using the item or who has licensed the item.	plus:Licensor	bag LicensorDetail
			Comment Bob: Consider, if we don't already have it.
Ignore	41	Property Release Id	A PLUS-ID identifying each Property Release.	plus:PropertyReleaseID	bag Text
Ignore	41	Property Release Status	Summarizes the availability and scope of property releases authorizing usage of the properties appearing in the photograph.	plus:PropertyReleaseStatus	Text (CV defined by PLUS)	It is recommended to apply the value PR-UPR very carefully and to check the wording of the property release thoroughly before applying it.
(map if Source Inventory Number used)	42	Artwork or Object in the Image Details {data type}	A structured datatype for details about artwork or an object in an image	Iptc4xmpExt: ArtworkOrObjectDetails	structure
Ignore	42	Copyright Notice {Artwork or Object detail}	Contains any necessary copyright notice for claiming the intellectual property for artwork or an object in the image and should identify the current owner of the copyright of this work with associated intellectual property rights.	Iptc4xmpExt: AOCopyrightNotice	Text
Ignore	43	Creator {Artwork or Object detail}	Contains the name of the artist who has created artwork or an object in the image.	Iptc4xmpExt: AOCreator	Seq ProperName
Ignore	43	Date Created {Artwork or Object detail}	Designates the date and optionally the time the artwork or object in the image was created. This relates to artwork or objects with associated intellectual property rights.	Iptc4xmpExt: AODateCreated	Date
Ignore	44	Source {Artwork or Object detail}	The organisation or body holding and registering the artwork or object in the image for inventory purposes.	Iptc4xmpExt: AOSource	Text
Consider / Map	44	Source Inventory Number {Artwork or Object detail}	The inventory number issued by the organisation or body holding and registering the artwork or object in the image.	Iptc4xmpExt: AOSourceInvNo	Text	MRTG: Consider mapping to specimen!
Ignore	44	Title {Artwork or Object detail}	A reference for the artwork or object in the image.	Iptc4xmpExt: AOTitle	Lang Alt
MAP	45	City {location detail}	Name of the city of a location. This element is at the fourth level of a top-down geographical hierarchy.	Iptc4xmpExt: City	Text
MAP	45	Country ISO-Code {location detail}	The ISO code of a country of a location. This element is at the second level of a top-down geographical hierarchy.	Iptc4xmpExt: CountryCode	Text
MAP	46	Country Name {location detail}	The name of a country of a location. This element is at the second level of a top-down geographical hierarchy.	Iptc4xmpExt: CountryName	Text
MAP	46	Location Details {data type}	A structured datatype for details of a location	Iptc4xmpExt: LocationDetails	Text
MAP	47	Province or State {location detail}	The name of a subregion of a country - a province or state - of a location. This element is at the third level of a top-down geographical hierarchy.	Iptc4xmpExt: ProvinceState	Text
MAP	47	Sublocation {location detail}	Name of a sublocation. This sublocation name could either be the name of a sublocation to a city or the name of a well known location or (natural) monument outside a city. In the sense of a sublocation to a city this element is at the fifth level of a top-down geographical hierarchy.	Iptc4xmpExt: Sublocation	Text
MAP	48	World Region {location detail}	The name of a world region of a location. This element is at the first (topI) level of a top-down geographical hierarchy.	Iptc4xmpExt: WorldRegion	Text
Consider?	48	Item Id {registry entry detail}	A unique identifier created by a registry and applied by the creator of the item. This value shall not be changed after being applied. This identifier is linked to a corresponding Registry Organisation Identifier.	Iptc4xmpExt: RegItemId	Text
			Comment Bob: How is this different from MRTG:ProviderManagedID. I find this a little over the top. It is not machine readable, so maybe its harmless. But GUIDs not registered with an IANA urn scheme, and so easily recognized, should be discouraged. But, maybe, some not-presently-digital objects will have GUID schemes predating urn schemes.
Consider?	49	Organisation Id {registry entry detail}	An identifier for the registry which issued the corresponding Registry Image Id.	Iptc4xmpExt: RegOrgId	Text
Consider?	49	Registry Entry Details {data type}	A structured datatype for an entry in a registry, includes the id issued by the registry and the registry's id.	Iptc4xmpExt: RegistryEntryDetails	structure

2.2 Model-specific IPTC Extension fields

(Removed from list above, clearly irrelevant for MRTG)

MRTG assessm.	pg	Name	Definition	XMP implementation	Type (+ ControlledVocab.)	Notes (IPTC and MRTG)
Ignore	29	Additional Model Information	Information about the ethnicity and other facets of the model(s) in a model-released image.	Iptc4xmpExt: AddlModelInfo	Text
Ignore	31	Model Age	Age of the human model(s) at the time this image was taken in a model released image.	Iptc4xmpExt: ModelAge	bag Integer
Ignore	40	Minor Model Age Disclosure	Age of the youngest model pictured in the image, at the time that the image was made.	plus:MinorModelAgeDisclosure	Text (CV defined by PLUS)
Ignore	40	Model Release Id	A PLUS-ID identifying each Model Release.	plus:ModelReleaseID	bag Text
Ignore	40	Model Release Status	Summarizes the availability and scope of model releases authorizing usage of the likenesses of persons appearing in the photograph.	plus:ModelReleaseStatus	Text (CV defined by PLUS)

3 References

(p. 50)

Adobe XMP = Adobe Extensible Metadata Platform (XMP) http://www.adobe.com/products/xmp/ Specification as of September 2005

DC = Dublin Core metadata schema: http://www.dublincore.org/

PLUS = Photo Licensing Universal System – PLUS: http://www.useplus.org PLUS specifications: http://www.useplus.com/useplus/standards.asp

---

4 IPTC Vocabularies

4.1 IPTC Genre NewsCodes

Note: General assessment by MRTG: not useful for biodiversity multimedia.

Source for these codes is URL = http://iptc.cms.apa.at/std/topicset/topicset.iptc-genre.xml. After fixing the erroneous DTD path, replace backslash with forward slash! Then apply XPath expressions shown:

FormalName	Name	Explanation
/NewsML/NewsItem/TopicSet/Topic/FormalName/text()	/NewsML/NewsItem/TopicSet/Topic/Description[@Variant="Name"]/text()	/NewsML/NewsItem/TopicSet/Topic/Description[@Variant="Explanation"]/text()
Current	Current	The object content is about events taking place at the time of the report.
Analysis	Analysis	The object contains data and conclusions drawn by a journalist who has researched the story in depth.
Archive material	Archive material	The object contains material distributed previously that has been selected from the originator's archives.
Background	Background	The object provides some scene setting and explanation for the event being reported.
Feature	Feature	The object content is about a particular event or individual that may not be significant to the current breaking news.
Forecast	Forecast	The object contains opinion as to the outcome of a future event.
History	History	The object content is based on previous rather than current events.
Obituary	Obituary	The object contains a narrative about an individual's life and achievements for publication after his or her death.
Opinion	Opinion	The object contains an editorial comment that reflects the views of the author.
Polls and Surveys	Polls and Surveys	The object contains numeric or other information produced as a result of questionnaires or interviews.
Profile	Profile	The object contains a description of the life or activity of a news subject (often a living individual).
Results Listings and Statistics	Results Listings and Statistics	The object contains alphanumeric data suitable for presentation in tabular form.
Summary	Summary	The object contains a single item synopsis of a number of news stories (generally unrelated).
Transcript and Verbatim	Transcript and Verbatim	The object contains a word for word report of a discussion or briefing without significant journalistic intervention.
Interview	Interview	The object contains a report of a dialogue with a news source that gives it significant voice (includes Q and A).
From the Scene	From the Scene	The object contains a report from the scene of an event.
Retrospective	Retrospective	The object contains material that looks back on a specific (generally long) period of time such as a season, quarter, year or decade.
Update	Update	The object contains an intraday snapshot (as for electronic services) of a single news subject.
Wrapup	Wrapup	The object contains a recap of a running story (such as the end of the day).
Press Release	Press Release	The object contains promotional material or information provided to a news organisation.
Synopsis	Synopsis	The object contains a condensed version of a single news item.
Quote	Quote	The object contains a one or two sentence verbatim in direct quote.
Press-Digest	Press-Digest	The object contains an editorial comment by another medium completely or in parts without significant journalistic changes.
Review	Review	The object contains a critique of a creative activity or service (for example a book, a film or a restaurant).
Curtain Raiser	Curtain Raiser	The object contains information about the staging and outcome of an immediately upcoming event.
Actuality	Actuality	The object contains the recording of the event.
Question and Answer Session	Question and Answer Session	The object contains the interviewer and subject questions and answers.
Music	Music	The object contains music alone.
Response to a Question	Response to a Question	The object contains a reply to a question.
Raw Sound	Raw Sound	The object contains unedited sounds.
Scener	Scener	The object contains a description of the event circumstances.
Text only	Text only	The object contains a transcription of text.
Voicer	Voicer	The object contains only voice.
Fixture	Fixture	The object contains data that occurs often and predictably.
Wrap	Wrap	The object contains a complete summary of the event.
Daybook	Daybook	Items filed on a regular basis that are lists of upcoming events with time and place, designed to inform others of events for planning purpo...
Special Report	Special Report	In-depth examination of a single subject requiring extensive research and usually presented at great length, either as a single item or as a...
Advice	Advice	The object contains advice, typically letters and answers about personal problems, that are publishable.
Program	Program	A news item giving lists of intended events and time to be covered by the news provider. Each program covers a day, a week, a month or a yea...
Exclusive	Exclusive	Information content, in any form, that is unique to a specific information provider.
Anniversary	Anniversary	Stories about the anniversary of some important event that took place in recent history, usually bringing a short review of the event itself...
Side bar and supporting information	Side bar and supporting information	The object contains a related story that provides additional insight into the news event being reported
horoscope	Horoscope	Astrological forecasts
almanac	Almanac	List of data, including birthdays of famous people and items of historical significance, for a given day.

4.2 IPTC Scene NewsCodes

Source for these codes is URL = http://iptc.cms.apa.at/std/topicset/topicset.iptc-scene.xml. Note GH: Fix the erroneous DTD path, replace "../DTD/NewsMLv1.0.dtd" with "../NewsML/1.0/specification/NewsML_1.0.dtd" Then apply XPath expressions shown:

FormalName	Name	Explanation
/NewsML/NewsItem/TopicSet/Topic/FormalName/text():	/NewsML/NewsItem/TopicSet/Topic/Description[@Variant="Name"]/text()	/NewsML/NewsItem/TopicSet/Topic/Description[@Variant="Explanation"]/text()
12100	posing	Subject or subjects posing such as a "victory" pose or other stance that symbolizes leadership.
12000	performing	Subject or subjects on a stage performing to an audience
11900	action	Subject in motion such as children jumping, horse running
11800	close-up	A view of, or part of a person/object taken at close range in order to emphasize detail or accentuate mood. Macro photography.
11700	interior view	A scene or view of the interior of a building or other object
11600	exterior view	A photo that shows the exterior of a building or other object
11500	satellite	A photo taken from a satellite in orbit
11400	night scene	A photo taken during darkness
11300	under-water	A photo taken under water
11200	aerial view	A view taken from above
11100	panoramic view	A panoramic or wide angle view of a subject and its surrounds
11000	general view	An overall view of the subject and its surrounds
10800	two	A view of two people
10900	group	A view of more than two people
10700	couple	A view of two people who are in a personal relationship, for example engaged, married or in a romantic partnership.
10600	single	A view of only one person, object or animal.
10400	profile	A view of a person from the side
10500	rear view	A view of a person or persons from the rear.
10300	full-length	A view from head to toe of a person or persons
10200	half-length	A torso and head view of a person or persons.
10100	headshot	A head only view of a person (or animal/s) or persons as in a montage.
12200	symbolic	A posed picture symbolizing an event - two rings for marriage
12300	off-beat	An attractive, perhaps fun picture of everyday events - dog with sunglasses, people cooling off in the fountain
12400	movie scene	Photos taken during the shooting of a movie or TV production.

4.3 IPTC Subject NewsCodes

The Subject Codes is a three level system for describing content by a well defined set of terms.

"Topics of level Subject provide a description of the editorial content of a News at a high level, a SubjectMatter provides a description at a more precise level and finally a SubjectDetail at a rather specific level. Currently about 1400 terms are available - and several of them could be assigned to a single news object enabling a very narrow description of the content.."

http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectcode/ TODO

4.4 IPTC Subject Qualifier NewsCodes

Subject Qualifiers provide a narrower attribute-like context for e.g. a sports-related subject code, like sex of acting people, indoor/outdoor sports etc.

http://cv.iptc.org/newscodes/subjectqualifier/ TODO